Video

Alkene can be synthesized through cracking crude oil. Alkane and alkene differ in their structure and characteristics. For further information, lets watch this video:

 Cracking Crude Oil & Alkenes

From the video, we learnt about cracking crude oil of longer molecule chains of hydrocarbons into smaller chain hydrocarbon that consists of alkane and alkene. Moreover, we learned about the difference between alkane and alkene. Highlighting the characteristics of alkene and how alkene is used in industry such as polymers production and their ability to decolorize bromine water which is one of the reactions involving alkene.

The video begins by discussing crude oil as a mixture of various hydrocarbons. It undergoes a process of fractional distillation to separate the hydrocarbons based on their carbon chain lengths. Short-chain hydrocarbons are known as more flammable and make better fuels, whereas longer-chain hydrocarbons are less useful due to their viscosity.

The process of cracking is a thermal decomposition reaction aimed at breaking down longer hydrocarbon molecules into shorter ones by heating them. 

Two methods are introduced: catalytic cracking, 

1. using a catalyst like powdered aluminum oxide, the catalyst will split apart longer molecules into two smaller molecules 

2. steam cracking, involving heating long chain hydrocarbons and vaporize them, we mix them with steam and heated at high temperature, which is turning them into gas of shorter molecules.

In the video, it also explains the importance of balanced chemical equations for alkane cracking reactions. An example equation is provided for the cracking of decane into heptane and propene, illustrating the conservation of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

The application of cracking products. Alkenes are produced through cracking. It can be used to make polymers and serve as starting materials for various chemicals. The importance of alkenes as unsaturated compounds is opposite with saturated alkanes, is mentioned. The difference between alkane and alkene is that alkane only has single bonds meanwhile alkenes have double bond. It shows that alkanes are saturated, and alkenes are saturated hydrocarbon. Alkenes are also noted for their higher reactivity, demonstrated by their ability to decolorize bromine water, and their capacity to form polymers through double bond reactions.

Lastly, in the video, it concludes by mentioning that alkenes form a homologous series with unique properties and promising applications in industry, including polymer production. The difference in reactivity between alkanes and alkenes is reiterated, emphasizing the importance of understanding these concepts in hydrocarbon chemistry.